Step into the China Landing Zone, T2COM G2’s public website capturing All Things China to inform training, education, and leader development.
See the latest production on content related to China.
Gain a comprehensive understanding of the Chinese military's approach to conflict, including insights into its organization, equipment, and operational methods.
Unlock insights into Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLAA) tactics with ATP 7-100.3, your authoritative source from T2COM G2 on Chinese military doctrine.
The foundational research and analysis conducted by T2COM G2's are based on observations and insights drawn from current operational environments and threats. These findings are meticulously documented in monthly running estimate products, which are widely distributed throughout the force. By enriching comprehension of the operational environment, these products play a vital role in T2COM G2's analytical processes. This ensures that T2COM G2's solutions, spanning doctrine, organization, training, equipment, leadership development, personnel, and facilities, are firmly rooted in a deep understanding of the operational context.
Dive into a full suite of material produced by T2COM G2 designed to teach how China fights. Material includes the doctrinal publication ATP 7-100.3, self-paced interactive training podcasts, videos and more.
Various documents and infographics describing characteristics and tactics of the People's Liberation Army.
Tune in to essential perspectives shared by professionals discussing Chinese Tactics.
Infographics on how the People's Liberation Army (PLA) fights and highlighted Warfighter Functions.
Deepen your grasp of the pacing challenge by integrating China into your training simulations through the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE). Implement strategies, capabilities, organizations, and tactics informed by PLAA (People's Liberation Army of China) doctrine into your training exercises.
Check out additional resources to continue exploring and learning about China.
Step into the Iran Landing Zone, T2COM G2’s public website capturing All Things Iran to inform training, education, and leader development.
See the latest production on content related to Iran.
Gain a comprehensive understanding of the Iranian military's approach to defense.
The foundational research and analysis conducted by T2COM G2 are based on observations and insights drawn from current operational environments and threats. These findings are meticulously documented in monthly running estimate products, which are widely distributed throughout the force. By enriching comprehension of the operational environment, these products play a vital role in T2COM G2's analytical processes. This ensures that T2COM's solutions, spanning doctrine, organization, training, equipment, leadership development, personnel, and facilities, are firmly rooted in a deep understanding of the operational context.
Explore more about Iran with the T2COM Training Community of Practice.
Dive into a full suite of material produced by SME's designed to teach how Iran fights, the conflicts in the middle east, and with the West. Material includes the podcasts and videos.
Deepen your grasp of the persistent challenge by integrating Iran into your training simulations through the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE). Implement strategies, capabilities, organizations, and tactics into your training exercises.
Check out additional resources to continue exploring and learning about Iran.
Explore how Irregular Threats—such as terrorist and insurgent groups—use violence to pursue ideological, religious, political, or social goals. This section examines the tactics, motivations, and impacts of these non-traditional threats on global and national security.
This section highlights the latest updates and additions related to Irregular Threats and T2COM G-2's analytical products. It ensures that users have access to the most recent information and assessments concerning Irregular Threats development.
Dive into how Irregular Threats organize, equip, and operate in conflict zones. This section features key military doctrine—such as TC 7-100.3 and ATP 3-37.2—that defines irregular opposing forces and outlines strategies for countering terrorism and hybrid threats in complex environments.
Explore T2COM G-2’s ongoing analysis of global events through monthly and quarterly running estimates. These products provide vital insights into contemporary operational environments and threats, forming the foundation for informed doctrine, training, and capability development across the Army.
Access interactive tools, videos, and timelines to deepen your understanding of Irregular Threats and their methods. This section also connects you with the T2COM Training Community of Practice, where experts welcome questions and collaboration to support force-wide learning and readiness.
Gain unique insights into Irregular Threats through expert-led podcasts that explore their tactics, psychology, and use of media. From disinformation strategies to underground warfare, these episodes offer thought-provoking analysis to enhance your understanding of today’s complex threat environment.
In the Training section, users can integrate Irregular Threat scenarios into their simulations through the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE). It offers strategies, capabilities, organizations, and tactics informed by Irregular Threat doctrine to enhance training exercises.
Access a comprehensive collection of materials from across the Army and external partners to expand your knowledge of Irregular Threats. This includes graphic training aids, equipment guides, strategic studies, and authoritative resources like the State Department’s Counterterrorism data and the MAD Scientist Laboratory.
The North Korea Landing Zone serves as a centralized resource for understanding the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) military strategies, doctrine, and tactics. It provides insights into how North Korea conducts operations, aiding U.S. Army personnel in training, education, and leader development.
This section highlights the latest updates and additions related to North Korea's military activities and T2COM G-2's analytical products. It ensures that users have access to the most recent information and assessments concerning DPRK military developments.
Here, users can explore North Korea's military doctrine, including organizational structures, equipment, and operational methods. This section provides foundational knowledge crucial for comprehending the DPRK's approach to warfare.
This area presents analyses and insights derived from current operational environments and threats associated with North Korea. These observations support T2COM's efforts in developing informed solutions across various military domains.
The Learning section offers a suite of educational materials designed to teach how North Korea fights. It includes doctrinal publications, self-paced interactive training, podcasts, videos, and more to facilitate comprehensive understanding.
This section provides access to multimedia resources, including videos and podcasts, featuring expert discussions on North Korean tactics and military strategies. It's a valuable tool for those seeking diverse perspectives and in-depth analyses.
In the Training section, users can integrate North Korean threat scenarios into their simulations through the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE). It offers strategies, capabilities, organizations, and tactics informed by DPRK doctrine to enhance training exercises.
This area compiles additional materials and tools for further exploration of North Korea's military. It serves as a repository for users seeking to deepen their knowledge and stay informed about the DPRK's operational environment.
T2COM G2’s public website capturing all things Russia to inform training education leader development.
See the latest production of content related to Russia.
Understand the Russian military approach to conflict and gain insight into how it organizes, equips, and operates.
Comprehend Russia by delving into their perspectives on internal dynamics, conflict approach, and prevalent tactics. Gain insights directly from their own words to develop a more nuanced understanding of the country's intricate political landscape and military strategies.
Dive into a full suite of material produced by T2COM G2 designed to teach how Russia fights. material includes the doctrinal publication ATP 7-100.1, self-paced interactive training, podcasts, videos and more.
Condense comprehensive insights into the characteristics and tactics of the Russian Army with our visually engaging one-page slides and infographics.
Embark on a journey through Russia's military landscape by delving into media-driven perspectives, offering a distinctive outlook on their strategies.
Infographics on how the Russian Army army fights and highlighted Warfighter Functions.
Embark on a journey through Russia's military landscape by delving into media-driven perspectives, offering a distinctive outlook on their strategies. Immerse yourself in these media-based insights to capture the multifaceted dimensions of Russia's military tactics and strategic thinking. Gain a nuanced understanding as you navigate through the unique lens of media coverage, shedding light on the intricacies that shape Russia's approach to military operations.
Check out additional material to continue exploring and learning about Russia.
See the latest production on content related to DATE.
The Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE) serves as the U.S. Army’s official, unclassified foundation for creating realistic and scalable training scenarios across all echelons. It provides a "system of systems" featuring five global regions and 24 notional countries, each built on intelligence-validated conditions that reflect real-world threats without referencing specific nations. By utilizing the PMESII-PT framework, DATE allows trainers to simulate complex operational environments, from multi-domain large-scale combat to regional instability. Ultimately, the system is highly adaptable, enabling exercise developers to customize force structures, equipment, and geopolitical variables to meet specific institutional or operational training objectives.
The Apply DATE section provides a comprehensive library of resources designed to help trainers implement the DATE framework into specific exercise scenarios. Users can access detailed narratives, force structures, and geospatial data for various global regions, such as Africa, Eurasia, and the Indo-Pacific. The section also highlights specialized tools like the DATE Events List for scenario development, the Exercise Support Application (ESA) for historical exercise data, and the Virtual OPFOR Academy (VOA) for threat replication. These modular assets allow training developers to build realistic, multi-domain environments tailored to their specific unit objectives.
The Partner & Engage section emphasizes collaboration across the U.S. Army, Joint Forces, and international allies through direct engagement with the T2COM G2 Training Community of Practice. While all core DATE materials on the ODIN platform are publicly releasable and do not require initial Foreign Disclosure Officer (FDO) review, users are encouraged to coordinate with security or public affairs representatives when creating derivative products. This ensures that any customized training scenarios or modified materials remain compliant with security practices and are appropriately cleared for distribution or foreign disclosure.
The COFM Calculator is a cutting-edge tool developed by the U.S. Army's DTAC at CGSC to enhance tactical planning by comparing combat power and predicting engagement outcomes. Rooted in historical force ratio concepts and refined with modern data from sources like FMSWeb and ATN, it offers unparalleled accuracy and adaptability. Seamlessly integrating into the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP), it helps assess unit suitability, optimize force allocation, and streamline the development of Commander's Critical Information Requirements (CCIR). While it doesn't replace human judgment, it amplifies it by providing objective, data-driven insights. Continuously evolving, the COFM Calculator is engineered to keep pace with modern warfare and joint operations.
ESA, your online portal to U.S. Army Training exercises. Effortlessly explore, download, and share exercise materials using ESA's well-organized structure, efficient search functionality, and convenient downloadable options, providing a valuable resource for the Army training community.
ION is a cutting-edge military training platform designed to simulate the dynamic complexities of modern warfare. It immerses users in a virtual environment that replicates social media and digital domains, facilitating training in navigating the intricacies of contemporary operational landscapes. Owned and offered for use by the government, ION is fully automated and scalable, providing a realistic and accessible training experience for military personnel worldwide.
OEVis equips users with advanced tools for detailed network analysis, enabling the identification of crucial nodes, evaluation of centrality, and mapping of information flow. Whether you're exploring social dynamics, communication structures, or operational ecosystems, OEVis offers the analytical power to support data-driven decision-making.
ODIN, the Operational Environment Data Integration Network, offers a comprehensive collection of threat and operational environment data for effective use in training, education, and leader development. It seamlessly integrates resources like the Worldwide Equipment Guide, Threat and OPFOR doctrine, and the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE) into one convenient online hub. ODIN's tailored content for Combat Training Centers and Virtual Opposing Force Academy empowers users with invaluable insights and tools to master OPFOR counter-tasks and enhance readiness in dynamic training environments.
The web-based Observed Fire Trainer from OE Games allows students to practice calling for fire at the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels at the replicated Fort Sill range.
Test or refine your skills in one of two Land Navigation Course simulators. Experience a Beginner level course in a unique Forest environment with minimal GM angle and numerous reference points. Challenge yourself with an Intermediate course and Desert terrain with greater GM and fewer reference points.
The OPFOR (Opposing Forces) Program is a comprehensive U.S. Army initiative designed to provide commanders with realistic, uncompromising "sparring partners" to simulate combat conditions during training. The program is built on five core pillars: Modernization, Accreditation, Infowar, Modeling & Simulations, and Training Support, ensuring that threat replication remains consistent and doctrinally sound. It utilizes specialized professional units at Combat Training Centers (CTCs) that employ distinct uniforms and equipment to test unit readiness against evolving multi-domain threats. Beyond physical training, the program offers specialized resources like the Threat Tactics Course (TTC) and the Virtual OPFOR Academy to educate leaders on how modern adversaries think and fight. Ultimately, the program ensures that training environments accurately reflect the complexity of the global operational environment to prepare Soldiers for large-scale combat operations.
OPFOR Modernization is a joint effort by T2COM G2 and the Proponent for OPFOR Systems (TPO-OPFOR-S) to enhance warfighting readiness by replicating realistic adversaries across live, virtual, and constructive training environments. The program is guided by the Operational Environment Master Plan (OEMP), which sets strategic goals for modernizing opposing forces at Combat Training Centers and home stations. To support these efforts, the program provides a centralized library of technical point papers, modernization slide decks, and a catalog of available OPFOR training equipment held at local Training Support Centers. These resources ensure that training scenarios reflect current multi-domain threats and evolving adversary capabilities. By offering direct engagement with the modernization team, the program allows units to request assistance and stay updated on approved threat replication enhancements.
The OE-OPFOR Accreditation program, led by T2COM G2, ensures that training environments and opposing forces maintain the realism and complexity necessary to meet Army training objectives. An interdisciplinary team of experts evaluates collective training centers and Centers of Excellence (COEs) to verify that the Operational Environment (OE) is portrayed accurately across live, virtual, and constructive domains. This process validates that the OPFOR is properly resourced, that trainers are knowledgeable about modern threats, and that lesson plans integrate current doctrine and DATE-compliant scenarios. Ultimately, accreditation serves as a critical quality control mechanism, providing commanders with feedback to improve threat replication and ensure soldiers are prepared for large-scale combat operations.
OE-OPFOR INFOWAR focuses on replicating a competitive information environment by simulating threats in cyber, space, electronic warfare, and influence operations. The program develops specialized training aids and simulations (TADSS) to create realistic dilemmas for units across live, virtual, and constructive training domains. To support these efforts, it provides resources like the INFOWAR Smartbook and detailed briefings on adversary doctrine to help leaders understand and counter modern information operations. Furthermore, the program helps implement strategies like the Total Army Electromagnetic Warfare Training and Education Strategy to prepare Soldiers for contested environments. Ultimately, this pillar ensures that U.S. forces are challenged by the same non-kinetic capabilities utilized by current and future adversaries.
The OE-OPFOR Modeling & Simulations (M&S) division defines the technical requirements for replicating threat capabilities across the Army’s six M&S-enabled communities, including Analysis, Acquisition, and Training. By integrating PMESII-PT variables into digital environments, the program ensures that simulations like OneSAF and the Joint Land Component Constructive Training Capability (JLCCTC) accurately reflect modern adversary force structures and tactics. These tools provide essential mission command stimulation, intelligence modeling, and non-kinetic effects to challenge units from the brigade level down to individual squads. Furthermore, the division is driving the transition to the Synthetic Training Environment (STE), a next-generation platform designed to replicate multi-domain operations through high-fidelity global terrain and advanced threat representation.
OE-OPFOR Training Support leads the delivery of the Operational Environment (OE) across Army leadership development and collective training venues. It assists Centers of Excellence and schools in creating OE-compliant lesson plans while maintaining a repository of scenario data for Army-wide reuse. The program follows a structured Scenario Development Process based on the five-step ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) to ensure every exercise effectively achieves specific readiness objectives. By providing access to foundational doctrine like TC 7-101 (Exercise Design) and specialized handbooks, Training Support ensures that planners can build realistic, standards-based environments that accurately test soldier and unit performance.
The Joint ISR Training Courses offer specialized education in ISR tactical control, collection management, and joint engagement, catering to USASOC personnel and individuals deployed in USCENTCOM AOR. Participants gain expertise in employing airborne sensors, developing intelligence targets, and managing collection requirements to support operational objectives. Courses are tailored to specific operational environments, emphasizing real-world application and enhancing unit efficiency and effectiveness in complex combat scenarios.
Remote training opportunities in Joint ISR and Collection Management offer convenient access to specialized courses and informational lessons via platforms like Joint Knowledge Online (JKO). Key competencies include distributed learning, accessibility, and focused training on JISR and CM principles, providing flexibility and tailored education to personnel regardless of location. These sessions, spanning from one to three days, utilize remote access and distributed learning modes to deliver comprehensive instruction in operational environment-specific topics.
JISR provides crucial support to combat training centers (CTCs) such as the National Training Center (NTC), Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC), and Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC), ensuring readiness for Large Scale Combat Operations (LSCO) across Multi Domain Operations (MDO). Through joint intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) coaching and mentoring, JISR assists in developing adaptive leaders and enhancing unit readiness in dynamic training environments. Additionally, JISR offers mentorship and support to the Mission Command Training Program (MCTP) at Fort Leavenworth, focusing on collective training and leadership development for commanders and staffs preparing for LSCO.
The Network Engagement Team (NET) is a specialized unit led by T2COM and supported by the Joint Staff, J-7 Joint National Training Capability (JNTC).
Advanced Network Analysis
GEN 305, a flagship offering from NET, provides tailored training to support the understanding and engagement of threat, friendly, and neutral human networks.
Targeting & Cognitive Maneuver
NET specializes in Targeting & Cognitive Maneuver, offering both on-site and virtual training options. These courses, typically around 40 hours in length, can be customized to address the unique needs of each customer.
NET's training packages are highly adaptable, allowing customization based on the Students’ MOS and commander’s training objectives.
The T2COM G2 OPFOR Threat Tactics Course is designed to equip participants with the skills to effectively portray a realistic and challenging adversary in training scenarios. It covers OPFOR concepts and capabilities through functional tactics, utilizing various resources including computer-based tools, expert guidance, case studies, and hands-on exercises. This course ensures that students can provide an authentic opposition force during U.S. Army training events.
The T2COM G2 Opposing Force (OPFOR) Threat Tactics Course (TTC) caters to a diverse audience, offering valuable insights and skills across various sectors:
The T2COM G2 Opposing Force (OPFOR) Threat Tactics Course is delivered in two phases:
Phase 1: Online Computer-Based Training
Phase 2: SME-Lead Instruction
The T2COM G2 OPFOR Threat Tactics Course encourages participants to:
Students should ensure they complete Phase 1 on JKO prior to class, which includes readings on the changing character of future warfare and the operational environment. Organizers should review provided best practices for running the course effectively and can contact experts for additional information or to request a Mobile Training Team (MTT) session.
The TTC brochure provides insights into the tactical actions' underlying functions. Students can access supplements like PDF study guides for reference during the course. Additionally, an executive fact sheet offers perspectives on the course's impact from leaders involved in training rotations.
The ECF as a simple and practical means to enhance sociocultural understanding of the OE. The ECF helps analysts identify and understand any of the 12 Exploitable Conditions in a specific area. U.S. adversaries, competitors, and interested agents alike are regularly looking for ways to capitalize on a target’s weaknesses. We created a simple way for users to recognize and explain the environmental conditions that actors will exploit to gain advantage.
The AGTM is an analytic process and research methodology that carries a military analyst from RFI to explanation. It is rooted in the social sciences and leverages Structured Analytic Techniques (SAT). The GAM can handle large amounts of disparate data, systematically control for bias, and create an auditable trail to support analysis.
The Virtual OPFOR Academy (VOA) provides doctrine-based training to help Soldiers and cadre accurately emulate near-peer and hybrid adversaries. It enhances training realism across home stations and Combat Training Centers by equipping users with current tactics and execution models.
These doctrine-based courses provide foundational instruction on adversary tactics and operational frameworks, specifically focusing on Chinese, Russian, and hybrid threat models. They utilize official Army publications to prepare Soldiers for realistic threat emulation during institutional training and Combat Training Center rotations.
The Virtual OPFOR Academy enhances force-wide readiness by providing on-demand, doctrine-based instruction that enables Soldiers, leaders, and intelligence personnel to master near-peer threat replication. This cost-effective training tool fosters interoperability and optimizes tactical preparation for active and reserve components, ensuring units are battle-ready before reaching Combat Training Centers.
The Virtual OPFOR Academy drives force lethality by providing the tools necessary to train against realistic, adaptive, and challenging adversaries. Users can access current courses through the portal or contact the help desk to enroll and collaborate on new training content.
